Hole cleaning is one of the basic functions of any drilling fluid. Cuttings generated by the bit, plus any caving and/or sloughing, must be carried to the surface by the mud. Failure to achieve effective hole cleaning can lead to serious problems, including stuck pipe, excessive torque and drag, annular pack-off, lost circulation, high mud … Hole Cleaning Tips
Lost Circulation is not always a major problem; however, the procedure below should be followed when losses do occur: 1. Check surface equipment for leaks. If this fails to show any signs of leakage, proceed as usual in such cases, e.g. reduce mud weight if safe to do so. 2. When the level in the … Lost Circulation
The following techniques should be used while drilling Unconsolidated Formations: 1. Obtain maximum annular velocities by using critical velocity circulating rates. 2. Use a “Clayball Trap” or a small settling tank upstream of the shakers. 3. When reaming, avoid scouring the sides of the hole with high jet velocities. When reaming with a jet bit, … Drilling Unconsolidated Formations
Stretch graph for 3.5″ and 5″ Drilll Pipe are presented below: Stretch graph for 3.5″ Drilll Pipe Stretch graph for 5″ Drilll Pipe
The following 2 types of Junk retrievers are discussed in this article: Coring Type Basket and Reverse Circulation Junk Basket or Jet Retriever. Coring Type Basket The coring type basket cuts a short core. As the core is being cut, junk is forced into the barrel of the tool. The following procedure shall be used: … Fishing with Junk Retrievers
The chemical cutter is a tool designed to cut and allow retrieval of stuck tubing or drillpipe in a well. The primary advantages of this tool over explosive methods are its ability to sever tubing without causing the following undesirable problems: damaging the well casing or adjacent tubing enlarging or leaving a burr on the … Chemical Cutters for Stuck Tubing or Drillpipe
The following best practices should be considered for fishing operations: All fishing tool details shall be recorded on a drawing prior to running the tool. In particular, the safe working load for all fishing tools and associated equipment shall be determined. Internal diameters of fishing tools to be run shall be checked to verify that … Fishing Guidelines
Good drilling practices, particularly with regard to circulating and tripping activities, can greatly reduce the occurrence of stuck pip. Stuck Pipe Procedures Drilling Contractor personnel must be made aware of the tight hole and stuck pipe procedures and the Drillers have been informed of the correct action to take in the event of tight hole … Stuck Pipe Prevention
After effort has been put into freeing the pipe the decision has to be made whether to back off or continue. There are two options to consider: 1. Back off above the free point and run in with a fishing assembly. 2. Back off above the free point, plugback and side-track The decision to back … When to Give Up Attempts to Free the Pipe
Prior to pulling stuck drill pipe or stuck casing, carry out the following preparations: 1. Ensure that all surface pulling equipment is in good working condition. Do not exceed the maximum allowable safe working rating of the weakest link in the pulling equipment. 2. Check the Martin Decker weight indicator and the dead-weight anchor as … Pulling Stuck Pipe