The article identifies the most common factors which can play a role in premature failures of packer seals: 1. Installation procedures Storage damage: ageing (heat, sunlight or radiation); distortion (poor support, heavy loads). Friction damage: non-uniform rolling or twisting, or abrasion by un-lubricated sliding. Cutting by sharp edges: Inadequate taper on corners, sharp edges on … Causes of Packer seal failure
Perforation prepacking refers to the methods that can be used to pack the perforation tunnels with gravel prior to filling the screen/casing annulus. The main objective of prepacking is to maximise the quantity of high permeability gravel placed in the perforation tunnels (or in cavities behind the casing) which is one of the key factors … Completion Operations – Gravel Packing Procedures
Perforating is a service provided by specialist companies, however, it is common for Production Operations to be involved in the operation to facilitate well production after perforation in completed wells, or as the responsible party during a recompletion activity. Aspects of well completion design addresses a number of the issues associated with the selection of … Completion Operations – Perforating
When specifying or designing valves, reference should be made to the Operating parameters for that particular well. All valves purchased must at least meet the standards set in API 6A PSL 1, 2, 3 or 4 and in several areas must exceed those standards. Cases where the standards are exceeded are specialised exceptional cases. The … Valve Design
The Christmas tree is the cross-over between the wellhead casing and the flowline. The wellhead is the cross-over between the Christmas tree and the various casings. controls the wellhead pressure and the flow of hydrocarbon enables the well to be shut off in an emergency provides access into the well for well intervention activities. Wellhead/christmas … Christmas Tree (xmas tree) Design
The sand production philosophy for a particular field and production system must be formulated after careful evaluation of a number of interacting factors which range from the well and surface facilities design to the operating procedures for the production system. 1. Sand production philosophy In general, sand influx cannot be tolerated whenever the overall safety … Sand Control